Polish "Support default headers with RestTemplateBuilder"

Broaden the scope of customizer support so that instead of focusing
just on headers, we can now customize any outgoing `HttpClientRequest`.
Also update auto-configuration to automatically add any
`RestTemplateRequestCustomizer` beans to the builder.

See gh-17091

spring-boot-project/spring-boot-autoconfigure/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/client/RestTemplateAutoConfiguration.java

@@ -16,7 +16,9 @@
 
 package org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.client;
 
+import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.function.BiFunction;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.ObjectProvider;
@@ -32,6 +34,7 @@ import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.http.HttpMessageConvertersAutoConf
 import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.client.RestTemplateAutoConfiguration.NotReactiveWebApplicationCondition;
 import org.springframework.boot.web.client.RestTemplateBuilder;
 import org.springframework.boot.web.client.RestTemplateCustomizer;
+import org.springframework.boot.web.client.RestTemplateRequestCustomizer;
 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Conditional;
 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@@ -53,15 +56,23 @@ public class RestTemplateAutoConfiguration {
 	@Bean
 	@ConditionalOnMissingBean
 	public RestTemplateBuilder restTemplateBuilder(ObjectProvider<HttpMessageConverters> messageConverters,
-			ObjectProvider<RestTemplateCustomizer> restTemplateCustomizers) {
+			ObjectProvider<RestTemplateCustomizer> restTemplateCustomizers,
+			ObjectProvider<RestTemplateRequestCustomizer<?>> restTemplateRequestCustomizers) {
 		RestTemplateBuilder builder = new RestTemplateBuilder();
 		HttpMessageConverters converters = messageConverters.getIfUnique();
 		if (converters != null) {
 			builder = builder.messageConverters(converters.getConverters());
 		}
-		List<RestTemplateCustomizer> customizers = restTemplateCustomizers.orderedStream().collect(Collectors.toList());
+		builder = addCustomizers(builder, restTemplateCustomizers, RestTemplateBuilder::customizers);
+		builder = addCustomizers(builder, restTemplateRequestCustomizers, RestTemplateBuilder::requestCustomizers);
+		return builder;
+	}
+
+	private <T> RestTemplateBuilder addCustomizers(RestTemplateBuilder builder, ObjectProvider<T> objectProvider,
+			BiFunction<RestTemplateBuilder, Collection<T>, RestTemplateBuilder> method) {
+		List<T> customizers = objectProvider.orderedStream().collect(Collectors.toList());
 		if (!customizers.isEmpty()) {
-			builder = builder.customizers(customizers);
+			return method.apply(builder, customizers);
 		}
 		return builder;
 	}

spring-boot-project/spring-boot-autoconfigure/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/client/RestTemplateAutoConfigurationTests.java

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.client;
 
+import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
 
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
@@ -28,14 +29,21 @@ import org.springframework.boot.test.context.runner.ReactiveWebApplicationContex
 import org.springframework.boot.test.context.runner.WebApplicationContextRunner;
 import org.springframework.boot.web.client.RestTemplateBuilder;
 import org.springframework.boot.web.client.RestTemplateCustomizer;
+import org.springframework.boot.web.client.RestTemplateRequestCustomizer;
 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
+import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
+import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestFactory;
 import org.springframework.http.client.HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory;
 import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageConverter;
 import org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter;
+import org.springframework.mock.http.client.MockClientHttpRequest;
+import org.springframework.mock.http.client.MockClientHttpResponse;
 import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
 
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.BDDMockito.given;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
 
@@ -109,6 +117,20 @@ class RestTemplateAutoConfigurationTests {
 				});
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	void restTemplateShouldApplyRequestCustomizer() {
+		this.contextRunner.withUserConfiguration(RestTemplateRequestCustomizerConfig.class).run((context) -> {
+			RestTemplateBuilder builder = context.getBean(RestTemplateBuilder.class);
+			ClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory = mock(ClientHttpRequestFactory.class);
+			MockClientHttpRequest request = new MockClientHttpRequest();
+			request.setResponse(new MockClientHttpResponse(new byte[0], HttpStatus.OK));
+			given(requestFactory.createRequest(any(), any())).willReturn(request);
+			RestTemplate restTemplate = builder.requestFactory(() -> requestFactory).build();
+			restTemplate.getForEntity("http://localhost:8080/test", String.class);
+			assertThat(request.getHeaders()).containsEntry("spring", Collections.singletonList("boot"));
+		});
+	}
+
 	@Test
 	void builderShouldBeFreshForEachUse() {
 		this.contextRunner.withUserConfiguration(DirtyRestTemplateConfig.class)
@@ -189,6 +211,16 @@ class RestTemplateAutoConfigurationTests {
 
 	}
 
+	@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
+	static class RestTemplateRequestCustomizerConfig {
+
+		@Bean
+		public RestTemplateRequestCustomizer<?> restTemplateRequestCustomizer() {
+			return (request) -> request.getHeaders().add("spring", "boot");
+		}
+
+	}
+
 	static class CustomHttpMessageConverter extends StringHttpMessageConverter {
 
 	}

spring-boot-project/spring-boot-test/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/test/web/client/TestRestTemplateTests.java

@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ class TestRestTemplateTests {
 		TestRestTemplate testRestTemplate = new TestRestTemplate(builder).withBasicAuth("test", "test");
 		RestTemplate restTemplate = testRestTemplate.getRestTemplate();
 		assertThat(restTemplate.getRequestFactory().getClass().getName())
-				.contains("HttpHeadersCustomizingClientHttpRequestFactory");
+				.contains("RestTemplateBuilderClientHttpRequestFactoryWrapper");
 		Object requestFactory = ReflectionTestUtils.getField(restTemplate.getRequestFactory(), "requestFactory");
 		assertThat(requestFactory).isEqualTo(customFactory).hasSameClassAs(customFactory);
 	}
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ class TestRestTemplateTests {
 		TestRestTemplate basicAuth = original.withBasicAuth("user", "password");
 		assertThat(getConverterClasses(original)).containsExactlyElementsOf(getConverterClasses(basicAuth));
 		assertThat(basicAuth.getRestTemplate().getRequestFactory().getClass().getName())
-				.contains("HttpHeadersCustomizingClientHttpRequestFactory");
+				.contains("RestTemplateBuilderClientHttpRequestFactoryWrapper");
 		assertThat(ReflectionTestUtils.getField(basicAuth.getRestTemplate().getRequestFactory(), "requestFactory"))
 				.isInstanceOf(CustomHttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory.class);
 		assertThat(basicAuth.getRestTemplate().getInterceptors()).isEmpty();
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ class TestRestTemplateTests {
 		TestRestTemplate basicAuth = original.withBasicAuth("user", "password");
 		assertThat(getConverterClasses(basicAuth)).containsExactlyElementsOf(getConverterClasses(original));
 		assertThat(basicAuth.getRestTemplate().getRequestFactory().getClass().getName())
-				.contains("HttpHeadersCustomizingClientHttpRequestFactory");
+				.contains("RestTemplateBuilderClientHttpRequestFactoryWrapper");
 		assertThat(ReflectionTestUtils.getField(basicAuth.getRestTemplate().getRequestFactory(), "requestFactory"))
 				.isInstanceOf(CustomHttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory.class);
 		assertThat(basicAuth.getRestTemplate().getInterceptors()).isEmpty();

spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/web/client/AbstractHttpHeadersDefaultingCustomizer.java

@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2012-2019 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.boot.web.client;
-
-import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
-
-/**
- * {@link HttpHeadersCustomizer} that only adds headers that were not populated in the
- * request.
- *
- * @author Ilya Lukyanovich
- */
-public abstract class AbstractHttpHeadersDefaultingCustomizer implements HttpHeadersCustomizer {
-
-	@Override
-	public void applyTo(HttpHeaders headers) {
-		createHeaders().forEach((key, value) -> headers.merge(key, value, (oldValue, ignored) -> oldValue));
-	}
-
-	protected abstract HttpHeaders createHeaders();
-
-}

spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/web/client/BasicAuthentication.java

@@ -22,14 +22,12 @@ import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
 import org.springframework.util.Assert;
 
 /**
- * {@link AbstractHttpHeadersDefaultingCustomizer} that applies basic authentication
+ * Basic authentication details to be applied to {@link HttpHeaders}.
- * header unless it was provided in the request.
  *
  * @author Dmytro Nosan
  * @author Ilya Lukyanovich
- * @see HttpHeadersCustomizingClientHttpRequestFactory
  */
-class BasicAuthenticationHeaderDefaultingCustomizer extends AbstractHttpHeadersDefaultingCustomizer {
+class BasicAuthentication {
 
 	private final String username;
 
@@ -37,7 +35,7 @@ class BasicAuthenticationHeaderDefaultingCustomizer extends AbstractHttpHeadersD
 
 	private final Charset charset;
 
-	BasicAuthenticationHeaderDefaultingCustomizer(String username, String password, Charset charset) {
+	BasicAuthentication(String username, String password, Charset charset) {
 		Assert.notNull(username, "Username must not be null");
 		Assert.notNull(password, "Password must not be null");
 		this.username = username;
@@ -45,11 +43,10 @@ class BasicAuthenticationHeaderDefaultingCustomizer extends AbstractHttpHeadersD
 		this.charset = charset;
 	}
 
-	@Override
+	public void applyTo(HttpHeaders headers) {
-	protected HttpHeaders createHeaders() {
+		if (!headers.containsKey(HttpHeaders.AUTHORIZATION)) {
-		HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
 			headers.setBasicAuth(this.username, this.password, this.charset);
-		return headers;
+		}
 	}
 
 }

spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/web/client/HttpHeadersCustomizingClientHttpRequestFactory.java

@@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2012-2019 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.boot.web.client;
-
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.net.URI;
-import java.util.Collection;
-
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
-
-import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
-import org.springframework.http.client.AbstractClientHttpRequestFactoryWrapper;
-import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequest;
-import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestFactory;
-import org.springframework.util.Assert;
-
-/**
- * {@link ClientHttpRequestFactory} to apply default headers to a request unless header
- * values were provided.
- *
- * @author Ilya Lukyanovich
- * @author Dmytro Nosan
- */
-class HttpHeadersCustomizingClientHttpRequestFactory extends AbstractClientHttpRequestFactoryWrapper {
-
-	private final Collection<? extends HttpHeadersCustomizer> customizers;
-
-	HttpHeadersCustomizingClientHttpRequestFactory(Collection<? extends HttpHeadersCustomizer> customizers,
-			ClientHttpRequestFactory clientHttpRequestFactory) {
-		super(clientHttpRequestFactory);
-		Assert.notEmpty(customizers, "Customizers must not be empty");
-		this.customizers = customizers;
-	}
-
-	@NotNull
-	@Override
-	protected ClientHttpRequest createRequest(@NotNull URI uri, @NotNull HttpMethod httpMethod,
-			ClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory) throws IOException {
-		ClientHttpRequest request = requestFactory.createRequest(uri, httpMethod);
-		this.customizers.forEach((customizer) -> customizer.applyTo(request.getHeaders()));
-		return request;
-	}
-
-}

spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/web/client/RestTemplateBuilder.java

@@ -25,14 +25,17 @@ import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
 import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.function.Consumer;
 import java.util.function.Supplier;
 
+import reactor.netty.http.client.HttpClientRequest;
+
 import org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils;
-import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
 import org.springframework.http.client.AbstractClientHttpRequestFactoryWrapper;
 import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequest;
 import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestFactory;
@@ -70,25 +73,29 @@ import org.springframework.web.util.UriTemplateHandler;
  */
 public class RestTemplateBuilder {
 
+	private final RequestFactoryCustomizer requestFactoryCustomizer;
+
 	private final boolean detectRequestFactory;
 
 	private final String rootUri;
 
 	private final Set<HttpMessageConverter<?>> messageConverters;
 
-	private final Supplier<ClientHttpRequestFactory> requestFactorySupplier;
+	private final Set<ClientHttpRequestInterceptor> interceptors;
+
+	private final Supplier<ClientHttpRequestFactory> requestFactory;
 
 	private final UriTemplateHandler uriTemplateHandler;
 
 	private final ResponseErrorHandler errorHandler;
 
-	private final Set<RestTemplateCustomizer> restTemplateCustomizers;
+	private final BasicAuthentication basicAuthentication;
 
-	private final RequestFactoryCustomizer requestFactoryCustomizer;
+	private final Map<String, String> defaultHeaders;
 
-	private final Set<ClientHttpRequestInterceptor> interceptors;
+	private final Set<RestTemplateCustomizer> customizers;
 
-	private final Set<HttpHeadersCustomizer> httpHeadersCustomizers;
+	private final Set<RestTemplateRequestCustomizer<?>> requestCustomizers;
 
 	/**
 	 * Create a new {@link RestTemplateBuilder} instance.
@@ -97,33 +104,38 @@ public class RestTemplateBuilder {
 	 */
 	public RestTemplateBuilder(RestTemplateCustomizer... customizers) {
 		Assert.notNull(customizers, "Customizers must not be null");
+		this.requestFactoryCustomizer = new RequestFactoryCustomizer();
 		this.detectRequestFactory = true;
 		this.rootUri = null;
 		this.messageConverters = null;
-		this.requestFactorySupplier = null;
+		this.interceptors = Collections.emptySet();
+		this.requestFactory = null;
 		this.uriTemplateHandler = null;
 		this.errorHandler = null;
-		this.restTemplateCustomizers = Collections.unmodifiableSet(new LinkedHashSet<>(Arrays.asList(customizers)));
+		this.basicAuthentication = null;
-		this.requestFactoryCustomizer = new RequestFactoryCustomizer();
+		this.defaultHeaders = Collections.emptyMap();
-		this.interceptors = Collections.emptySet();
+		this.customizers = setOf(customizers);
-		this.httpHeadersCustomizers = Collections.emptySet();
+		this.requestCustomizers = Collections.emptySet();
 	}
 
-	private RestTemplateBuilder(boolean detectRequestFactory, String rootUri,
+	private RestTemplateBuilder(RequestFactoryCustomizer requestFactoryCustomizer, boolean detectRequestFactory,
-			Set<HttpMessageConverter<?>> messageConverters, Supplier<ClientHttpRequestFactory> requestFactorySupplier,
+			String rootUri, Set<HttpMessageConverter<?>> messageConverters,
+			Set<ClientHttpRequestInterceptor> interceptors, Supplier<ClientHttpRequestFactory> requestFactorySupplier,
 			UriTemplateHandler uriTemplateHandler, ResponseErrorHandler errorHandler,
-			Set<RestTemplateCustomizer> restTemplateCustomizers, RequestFactoryCustomizer requestFactoryCustomizer,
+			BasicAuthentication basicAuthentication, Map<String, String> defaultHeaders,
-			Set<ClientHttpRequestInterceptor> interceptors, Set<HttpHeadersCustomizer> httpHeadersCustomizers) {
+			Set<RestTemplateCustomizer> customizers, Set<RestTemplateRequestCustomizer<?>> requestCustomizers) {
+		this.requestFactoryCustomizer = requestFactoryCustomizer;
 		this.detectRequestFactory = detectRequestFactory;
 		this.rootUri = rootUri;
 		this.messageConverters = messageConverters;
-		this.requestFactorySupplier = requestFactorySupplier;
+		this.interceptors = interceptors;
+		this.requestFactory = requestFactorySupplier;
 		this.uriTemplateHandler = uriTemplateHandler;
 		this.errorHandler = errorHandler;
-		this.restTemplateCustomizers = restTemplateCustomizers;
+		this.basicAuthentication = basicAuthentication;
-		this.requestFactoryCustomizer = requestFactoryCustomizer;
+		this.defaultHeaders = defaultHeaders;
-		this.interceptors = interceptors;
+		this.customizers = customizers;
-		this.httpHeadersCustomizers = httpHeadersCustomizers;
+		this.requestCustomizers = requestCustomizers;
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -134,9 +146,10 @@ public class RestTemplateBuilder {
 	 * @return a new builder instance
 	 */
 	public RestTemplateBuilder detectRequestFactory(boolean detectRequestFactory) {
-		return new RestTemplateBuilder(detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri, this.messageConverters,
+		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.requestFactoryCustomizer, detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri,
-				this.requestFactorySupplier, this.uriTemplateHandler, this.errorHandler, this.restTemplateCustomizers,
+				this.messageConverters, this.interceptors, this.requestFactory, this.uriTemplateHandler,
-				this.requestFactoryCustomizer, this.interceptors, this.httpHeadersCustomizers);
+				this.errorHandler, this.basicAuthentication, this.defaultHeaders, this.customizers,
+				this.requestCustomizers);
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -146,9 +159,10 @@ public class RestTemplateBuilder {
 	 * @return a new builder instance
 	 */
 	public RestTemplateBuilder rootUri(String rootUri) {
-		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.detectRequestFactory, rootUri, this.messageConverters,
+		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.requestFactoryCustomizer, this.detectRequestFactory, rootUri,
-				this.requestFactorySupplier, this.uriTemplateHandler, this.errorHandler, this.restTemplateCustomizers,
+				this.messageConverters, this.interceptors, this.requestFactory, this.uriTemplateHandler,
-				this.requestFactoryCustomizer, this.interceptors, this.httpHeadersCustomizers);
+				this.errorHandler, this.basicAuthentication, this.defaultHeaders, this.customizers,
+				this.requestCustomizers);
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -176,10 +190,10 @@ public class RestTemplateBuilder {
 	 */
 	public RestTemplateBuilder messageConverters(Collection<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> messageConverters) {
 		Assert.notNull(messageConverters, "MessageConverters must not be null");
-		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri,
+		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.requestFactoryCustomizer, this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri,
-				Collections.unmodifiableSet(new LinkedHashSet<HttpMessageConverter<?>>(messageConverters)),
+				setOf(messageConverters), this.interceptors, this.requestFactory, this.uriTemplateHandler,
-				this.requestFactorySupplier, this.uriTemplateHandler, this.errorHandler, this.restTemplateCustomizers,
+				this.errorHandler, this.basicAuthentication, this.defaultHeaders, this.customizers,
-				this.requestFactoryCustomizer, this.interceptors, this.httpHeadersCustomizers);
+				this.requestCustomizers);
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -192,22 +206,7 @@ public class RestTemplateBuilder {
 	 */
 	public RestTemplateBuilder additionalMessageConverters(HttpMessageConverter<?>... messageConverters) {
 		Assert.notNull(messageConverters, "MessageConverters must not be null");
-		return additionalMessageConverters(true, messageConverters);
+		return additionalMessageConverters(Arrays.asList(messageConverters));
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Add additional {@link HttpMessageConverter HttpMessageConverters} that should be
-	 * used with the {@link RestTemplate}. Any converters configured on the builder will
-	 * replace RestTemplate's default converters.
-	 * @param append if true adds converters to the end otherwise to the beginning
-	 * @param messageConverters the converters to add
-	 * @return a new builder instance
-	 * @see #messageConverters(HttpMessageConverter...)
-	 */
-	public RestTemplateBuilder additionalMessageConverters(boolean append,
-			HttpMessageConverter<?>... messageConverters) {
-		Assert.notNull(messageConverters, "MessageConverters must not be null");
-		return additionalMessageConverters(append, Arrays.asList(messageConverters));
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -221,26 +220,10 @@ public class RestTemplateBuilder {
 	public RestTemplateBuilder additionalMessageConverters(
 			Collection<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> messageConverters) {
 		Assert.notNull(messageConverters, "MessageConverters must not be null");
-		return additionalMessageConverters(true, messageConverters);
+		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.requestFactoryCustomizer, this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri,
-	}
+				append(this.messageConverters, messageConverters), this.interceptors, this.requestFactory,
-
+				this.uriTemplateHandler, this.errorHandler, this.basicAuthentication, this.defaultHeaders,
-	/**
+				this.customizers, this.requestCustomizers);
-	 * Add additional {@link HttpMessageConverter HttpMessageConverters} that should be
-	 * used with the {@link RestTemplate}. Any converters configured on the builder will
-	 * replace RestTemplate's default converters.
-	 * @param append if true adds converters to the end otherwise to the beginning
-	 * @param messageConverters the converters to add
-	 * @return a new builder instance
-	 * @see #messageConverters(HttpMessageConverter...)
-	 */
-	public RestTemplateBuilder additionalMessageConverters(boolean append,
-			Collection<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> messageConverters) {
-		Assert.notNull(messageConverters, "MessageConverters must not be null");
-		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri,
-				append ? append(this.messageConverters, messageConverters)
-						: append(messageConverters, this.messageConverters),
-				this.requestFactorySupplier, this.uriTemplateHandler, this.errorHandler, this.restTemplateCustomizers,
-				this.requestFactoryCustomizer, this.interceptors, this.httpHeadersCustomizers);
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -251,10 +234,10 @@ public class RestTemplateBuilder {
 	 * @see #messageConverters(HttpMessageConverter...)
 	 */
 	public RestTemplateBuilder defaultMessageConverters() {
-		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri,
+		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.requestFactoryCustomizer, this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri,
-				Collections.unmodifiableSet(new LinkedHashSet<>(new RestTemplate().getMessageConverters())),
+				setOf(new RestTemplate().getMessageConverters()), this.interceptors, this.requestFactory,
-				this.requestFactorySupplier, this.uriTemplateHandler, this.errorHandler, this.restTemplateCustomizers,
+				this.uriTemplateHandler, this.errorHandler, this.basicAuthentication, this.defaultHeaders,
-				this.requestFactoryCustomizer, this.interceptors, this.httpHeadersCustomizers);
+				this.customizers, this.requestCustomizers);
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -282,10 +265,10 @@ public class RestTemplateBuilder {
 	 */
 	public RestTemplateBuilder interceptors(Collection<ClientHttpRequestInterceptor> interceptors) {
 		Assert.notNull(interceptors, "interceptors must not be null");
-		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri, this.messageConverters,
+		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.requestFactoryCustomizer, this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri,
-				this.requestFactorySupplier, this.uriTemplateHandler, this.errorHandler, this.restTemplateCustomizers,
+				this.messageConverters, setOf(interceptors), this.requestFactory, this.uriTemplateHandler,
-				this.requestFactoryCustomizer, Collections.unmodifiableSet(new LinkedHashSet<>(interceptors)),
+				this.errorHandler, this.basicAuthentication, this.defaultHeaders, this.customizers,
-				this.httpHeadersCustomizers);
+				this.requestCustomizers);
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -311,9 +294,10 @@ public class RestTemplateBuilder {
 	 */
 	public RestTemplateBuilder additionalInterceptors(Collection<? extends ClientHttpRequestInterceptor> interceptors) {
 		Assert.notNull(interceptors, "interceptors must not be null");
-		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri, this.messageConverters,
+		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.requestFactoryCustomizer, this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri,
-				this.requestFactorySupplier, this.uriTemplateHandler, this.errorHandler, this.restTemplateCustomizers,
+				this.messageConverters, append(this.interceptors, interceptors), this.requestFactory,
-				this.requestFactoryCustomizer, append(this.interceptors, interceptors), this.httpHeadersCustomizers);
+				this.uriTemplateHandler, this.errorHandler, this.basicAuthentication, this.defaultHeaders,
+				this.customizers, this.requestCustomizers);
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -341,15 +325,15 @@ public class RestTemplateBuilder {
 	/**
 	 * Set the {@code Supplier} of {@link ClientHttpRequestFactory} that should be called
 	 * each time we {@link #build()} a new {@link RestTemplate} instance.
-	 * @param requestFactorySupplier the supplier for the request factory
+	 * @param requestFactory the supplier for the request factory
 	 * @return a new builder instance
 	 * @since 2.0.0
 	 */
-	public RestTemplateBuilder requestFactory(Supplier<ClientHttpRequestFactory> requestFactorySupplier) {
+	public RestTemplateBuilder requestFactory(Supplier<ClientHttpRequestFactory> requestFactory) {
-		Assert.notNull(requestFactorySupplier, "RequestFactory Supplier must not be null");
+		Assert.notNull(requestFactory, "RequestFactory Supplier must not be null");
-		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri, this.messageConverters,
+		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.requestFactoryCustomizer, this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri,
-				requestFactorySupplier, this.uriTemplateHandler, this.errorHandler, this.restTemplateCustomizers,
+				this.messageConverters, this.interceptors, requestFactory, this.uriTemplateHandler, this.errorHandler,
-				this.requestFactoryCustomizer, this.interceptors, this.httpHeadersCustomizers);
+				this.basicAuthentication, this.defaultHeaders, this.customizers, this.requestCustomizers);
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -360,9 +344,9 @@ public class RestTemplateBuilder {
 	 */
 	public RestTemplateBuilder uriTemplateHandler(UriTemplateHandler uriTemplateHandler) {
 		Assert.notNull(uriTemplateHandler, "UriTemplateHandler must not be null");
-		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri, this.messageConverters,
+		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.requestFactoryCustomizer, this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri,
-				this.requestFactorySupplier, uriTemplateHandler, this.errorHandler, this.restTemplateCustomizers,
+				this.messageConverters, this.interceptors, this.requestFactory, uriTemplateHandler, this.errorHandler,
-				this.requestFactoryCustomizer, this.interceptors, this.httpHeadersCustomizers);
+				this.basicAuthentication, this.defaultHeaders, this.customizers, this.requestCustomizers);
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -373,156 +357,95 @@ public class RestTemplateBuilder {
 	 */
 	public RestTemplateBuilder errorHandler(ResponseErrorHandler errorHandler) {
 		Assert.notNull(errorHandler, "ErrorHandler must not be null");
-		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri, this.messageConverters,
+		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.requestFactoryCustomizer, this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri,
-				this.requestFactorySupplier, this.uriTemplateHandler, errorHandler, this.restTemplateCustomizers,
+				this.messageConverters, this.interceptors, this.requestFactory, this.uriTemplateHandler, errorHandler,
-				this.requestFactoryCustomizer, this.interceptors, this.httpHeadersCustomizers);
+				this.basicAuthentication, this.defaultHeaders, this.customizers, this.requestCustomizers);
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Add a header to requests with the given value unless a custom header has been set
+	 * Add HTTP Basic Authentication to requests with the given username/password pair,
-	 * before.
+	 * unless a custom Authorization header has been set before.
-	 * @param header the header
+	 * @param username the user name
-	 * @param value the value
+	 * @param password the password
-	 * @return a new builder instance
-	 * @see #additionalHttpHeadersCustomizers(HttpHeadersCustomizer...)
-	 */
-	public RestTemplateBuilder defaultHeader(String header, String value) {
-		return additionalHttpHeadersCustomizers(SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizer.singleHeader(header, value));
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Add a headers to requests with the given value unless a custom header has been set
-	 * before.
-	 * @param headers the headers
-	 * @return a new builder instance
-	 * @see #additionalHttpHeadersCustomizers(HttpHeadersCustomizer...)
-	 */
-	public RestTemplateBuilder defaultHeaders(HttpHeaders headers) {
-		return additionalHttpHeadersCustomizers(new SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizer(headers));
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Set the {@link HttpHeadersCustomizer HttpHeadersCustomizers} that should be applied
-	 * to the {@link HttpHeaders} on the request. Customizers are applied in the order
-	 * that they were added. Setting this value will replace any previously configured
-	 * http headers customizers.
-	 * @param httpHeadersCustomizers the customizers to set
-	 * @return a new builder instance
-	 * @see #additionalHttpHeadersCustomizers(HttpHeadersCustomizer...)
-	 */
-	public RestTemplateBuilder httpHeadersCustomizers(HttpHeadersCustomizer... httpHeadersCustomizers) {
-		Assert.notNull(httpHeadersCustomizers, "HttpHeadersCustomizers must not be null");
-		return httpHeadersCustomizers(Arrays.asList(httpHeadersCustomizers));
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Set the {@link HttpHeadersCustomizer HttpHeadersCustomizers} that should be applied
-	 * to the {@link HttpHeaders} on the request. Customizers are applied in the order
-	 * that they were added. Setting this value will replace any previously configured
-	 * http headers customizers.
-	 * @param httpHeadersCustomizers the customizers to set
-	 * @return a new builder instance
-	 * @see #additionalHttpHeadersCustomizers(HttpHeadersCustomizer...)
-	 */
-	public RestTemplateBuilder httpHeadersCustomizers(
-			Collection<? extends HttpHeadersCustomizer> httpHeadersCustomizers) {
-		Assert.notNull(httpHeadersCustomizers, "HttpHeadersCustomizers must not be null");
-		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri, this.messageConverters,
-				this.requestFactorySupplier, this.uriTemplateHandler, this.errorHandler, this.restTemplateCustomizers,
-				this.requestFactoryCustomizer, this.interceptors,
-				Collections.unmodifiableSet(new LinkedHashSet<>(this.httpHeadersCustomizers)));
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Add the {@link HttpHeadersCustomizer HttpHeadersCustomizers} that should be applied
-	 * to the {@link HttpHeaders} on the request. Customizers are applied in the order
-	 * that they were added.
-	 * @param httpHeadersCustomizers the customizers to set
 	 * @return a new builder instance
-	 * @see #httpHeadersCustomizers(HttpHeadersCustomizer...)
+	 * @since 2.1.0
+	 * @see #basicAuthentication(String, String, Charset)
 	 */
-	public RestTemplateBuilder additionalHttpHeadersCustomizers(HttpHeadersCustomizer... httpHeadersCustomizers) {
+	public RestTemplateBuilder basicAuthentication(String username, String password) {
-		Assert.notNull(httpHeadersCustomizers, "HttpHeadersCustomizers must not be null");
+		return basicAuthentication(username, password, null);
-		return additionalHttpHeadersCustomizers(true, httpHeadersCustomizers);
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Add the {@link HttpHeadersCustomizer HttpHeadersCustomizers} that should be applied
+	 * Add HTTP Basic Authentication to requests with the given username/password pair,
-	 * to the {@link HttpHeaders} on the request. Customizers are applied in the order
+	 * unless a custom Authorization header has been set before.
-	 * that they were added.
+	 * @param username the user name
-	 * @param append if true adds customizers to the end otherwise to the beginning
+	 * @param password the password
-	 * @param httpHeadersCustomizers the customizers to set
+	 * @param charset the charset to use
 	 * @return a new builder instance
-	 * @see #httpHeadersCustomizers(HttpHeadersCustomizer...)
+	 * @since 2.2.0
 	 */
-	public RestTemplateBuilder additionalHttpHeadersCustomizers(boolean append,
+	public RestTemplateBuilder basicAuthentication(String username, String password, Charset charset) {
-			HttpHeadersCustomizer... httpHeadersCustomizers) {
+		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.requestFactoryCustomizer, this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri,
-		Assert.notNull(httpHeadersCustomizers, "HttpHeadersCustomizers must not be null");
+				this.messageConverters, this.interceptors, this.requestFactory, this.uriTemplateHandler,
-		return additionalHttpHeadersCustomizers(append, Arrays.asList(httpHeadersCustomizers));
+				this.errorHandler, new BasicAuthentication(username, password, charset), this.defaultHeaders,
+				this.customizers, this.requestCustomizers);
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Add the {@link HttpHeadersCustomizer HttpHeadersCustomizers} that should be applied
+	 * Add a default header that will be set if not already present on the outgoing
-	 * to the {@link HttpHeaders} on the request. Customizers are applied in the order
+	 * {@link HttpClientRequest}.
-	 * that they were added.
+	 * @param name the name of the header
-	 * @param httpHeadersCustomizers the customizers to set
+	 * @param value the header value
 	 * @return a new builder instance
-	 * @see #httpHeadersCustomizers(HttpHeadersCustomizer...)
+	 * @since 2.2.0
 	 */
-	public RestTemplateBuilder additionalHttpHeadersCustomizers(
+	public RestTemplateBuilder defaultHeader(String name, String value) {
-			Collection<? extends HttpHeadersCustomizer> httpHeadersCustomizers) {
+		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.requestFactoryCustomizer, this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri,
-		return additionalHttpHeadersCustomizers(true, httpHeadersCustomizers);
+				this.messageConverters, this.interceptors, this.requestFactory, this.uriTemplateHandler,
+				this.errorHandler, this.basicAuthentication, append(this.defaultHeaders, name, value), this.customizers,
+				this.requestCustomizers);
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Add the {@link HttpHeadersCustomizer HttpHeadersCustomizers} that should be applied
+	 * Sets the connection timeout on the underlying {@link ClientHttpRequestFactory}.
-	 * to the {@link HttpHeaders} on the request. Customizers are applied in the order
+	 * @param connectTimeout the connection timeout
-	 * that they were added.
+	 * @return a new builder instance.
-	 * @param append if true adds customizers to the end otherwise to the beginning
+	 * @since 2.1.0
-	 * @param httpHeadersCustomizers the customizers to set
-	 * @return a new builder instance
-	 * @see #httpHeadersCustomizers(HttpHeadersCustomizer...)
 	 */
-	public RestTemplateBuilder additionalHttpHeadersCustomizers(boolean append,
+	public RestTemplateBuilder setConnectTimeout(Duration connectTimeout) {
-			Collection<? extends HttpHeadersCustomizer> httpHeadersCustomizers) {
+		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.requestFactoryCustomizer.connectTimeout(connectTimeout),
-		Assert.notNull(httpHeadersCustomizers, "HttpHeadersCustomizers must not be null");
+				this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri, this.messageConverters, this.interceptors, this.requestFactory,
-		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri, this.messageConverters,
+				this.uriTemplateHandler, this.errorHandler, this.basicAuthentication, this.defaultHeaders,
-				this.requestFactorySupplier, this.uriTemplateHandler, this.errorHandler, this.restTemplateCustomizers,
+				this.customizers, this.requestCustomizers);
-				this.requestFactoryCustomizer, this.interceptors,
-				append ? append(this.httpHeadersCustomizers, httpHeadersCustomizers)
-						: append(httpHeadersCustomizers, this.httpHeadersCustomizers));
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Add HTTP Basic Authentication to requests with the given username/password pair,
+	 * Sets the read timeout on the underlying {@link ClientHttpRequestFactory}.
-	 * unless a custom Authorization header has been set before.
+	 * @param readTimeout the read timeout
-	 * @param username the user name
+	 * @return a new builder instance.
-	 * @param password the password
-	 * @return a new builder instance
 	 * @since 2.1.0
-	 * @see #basicAuthentication(String, String, Charset)
 	 */
-	public RestTemplateBuilder basicAuthentication(String username, String password) {
+	public RestTemplateBuilder setReadTimeout(Duration readTimeout) {
-		return basicAuthentication(username, password, null);
+		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.requestFactoryCustomizer.readTimeout(readTimeout),
+				this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri, this.messageConverters, this.interceptors, this.requestFactory,
+				this.uriTemplateHandler, this.errorHandler, this.basicAuthentication, this.defaultHeaders,
+				this.customizers, this.requestCustomizers);
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Add HTTP Basic Authentication to requests with the given username/password pair,
+	 * Sets if the underling {@link ClientHttpRequestFactory} should buffer the
-	 * unless a custom Authorization header has been set before. Customizer is added to
+	 * {@linkplain ClientHttpRequest#getBody() request body} internally.
-	 * the beginning of the {@link HttpHeadersCustomizer HttpHeadersCustomizers}
+	 * @param bufferRequestBody value of the bufferRequestBody parameter
-	 * collection.
+	 * @return a new builder instance.
-	 * @param username the user name
-	 * @param password the password
-	 * @param charset the charset to use
-	 * @return a new builder instance
 	 * @since 2.2.0
-	 * @see #additionalHttpHeadersCustomizers(HttpHeadersCustomizer...)
+	 * @see SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory#setBufferRequestBody(boolean)
-	 * @see SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizer#basicAuthentication(String, String,
+	 * @see HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory#setBufferRequestBody(boolean)
-	 * Charset)
 	 */
-	public RestTemplateBuilder basicAuthentication(String username, String password, Charset charset) {
+	public RestTemplateBuilder setBufferRequestBody(boolean bufferRequestBody) {
-		return additionalHttpHeadersCustomizers(false,
+		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.requestFactoryCustomizer.bufferRequestBody(bufferRequestBody),
-				SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizer.basicAuthentication(username, password, charset));
+				this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri, this.messageConverters, this.interceptors, this.requestFactory,
+				this.uriTemplateHandler, this.errorHandler, this.basicAuthentication, this.defaultHeaders,
+				this.customizers, this.requestCustomizers);
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -530,13 +453,13 @@ public class RestTemplateBuilder {
 	 * applied to the {@link RestTemplate}. Customizers are applied in the order that they
 	 * were added after builder configuration has been applied. Setting this value will
 	 * replace any previously configured customizers.
-	 * @param restTemplateCustomizers the customizers to set
+	 * @param customizers the customizers to set
 	 * @return a new builder instance
 	 * @see #additionalCustomizers(RestTemplateCustomizer...)
 	 */
-	public RestTemplateBuilder customizers(RestTemplateCustomizer... restTemplateCustomizers) {
+	public RestTemplateBuilder customizers(RestTemplateCustomizer... customizers) {
-		Assert.notNull(restTemplateCustomizers, "RestTemplateCustomizers must not be null");
+		Assert.notNull(customizers, "Customizers must not be null");
-		return customizers(Arrays.asList(restTemplateCustomizers));
+		return customizers(Arrays.asList(customizers));
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -544,45 +467,29 @@ public class RestTemplateBuilder {
 	 * applied to the {@link RestTemplate}. Customizers are applied in the order that they
 	 * were added after builder configuration has been applied. Setting this value will
 	 * replace any previously configured customizers.
-	 * @param restTemplateCustomizers the customizers to set
+	 * @param customizers the customizers to set
 	 * @return a new builder instance
 	 * @see #additionalCustomizers(RestTemplateCustomizer...)
 	 */
-	public RestTemplateBuilder customizers(Collection<? extends RestTemplateCustomizer> restTemplateCustomizers) {
+	public RestTemplateBuilder customizers(Collection<? extends RestTemplateCustomizer> customizers) {
-		Assert.notNull(restTemplateCustomizers, "RestTemplateCustomizers must not be null");
+		Assert.notNull(customizers, "Customizers must not be null");
-		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri, this.messageConverters,
+		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.requestFactoryCustomizer, this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri,
-				this.requestFactorySupplier, this.uriTemplateHandler, this.errorHandler,
+				this.messageConverters, this.interceptors, this.requestFactory, this.uriTemplateHandler,
-
+				this.errorHandler, this.basicAuthentication, this.defaultHeaders, setOf(customizers),
-				Collections.unmodifiableSet(new LinkedHashSet<RestTemplateCustomizer>(restTemplateCustomizers)),
+				this.requestCustomizers);
-				this.requestFactoryCustomizer, this.interceptors, this.httpHeadersCustomizers);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Add {@link RestTemplateCustomizer RestTemplateCustomizers} that should be applied
-	 * to the {@link RestTemplate}. Customizers are applied in the order that they were
-	 * added after builder configuration has been applied.
-	 * @param restTemplateCustomizers the customizers to add
-	 * @return a new builder instance
-	 * @see #customizers(RestTemplateCustomizer...)
-	 */
-	public RestTemplateBuilder additionalCustomizers(RestTemplateCustomizer... restTemplateCustomizers) {
-		Assert.notNull(restTemplateCustomizers, "RestTemplateCustomizers must not be null");
-		return additionalCustomizers(true, restTemplateCustomizers);
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Add {@link RestTemplateCustomizer RestTemplateCustomizers} that should be applied
 	 * to the {@link RestTemplate}. Customizers are applied in the order that they were
 	 * added after builder configuration has been applied.
-	 * @param append if true adds customizers to the end otherwise to the beginning
+	 * @param customizers the customizers to add
-	 * @param restTemplateCustomizers the customizers to add
 	 * @return a new builder instance
 	 * @see #customizers(RestTemplateCustomizer...)
 	 */
-	public RestTemplateBuilder additionalCustomizers(boolean append,
+	public RestTemplateBuilder additionalCustomizers(RestTemplateCustomizer... customizers) {
-			RestTemplateCustomizer... restTemplateCustomizers) {
+		Assert.notNull(customizers, "Customizers must not be null");
-		Assert.notNull(restTemplateCustomizers, "RestTemplateCustomizers must not be null");
+		return additionalCustomizers(Arrays.asList(customizers));
-		return additionalCustomizers(append, Arrays.asList(restTemplateCustomizers));
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -595,67 +502,76 @@ public class RestTemplateBuilder {
 	 */
 	public RestTemplateBuilder additionalCustomizers(Collection<? extends RestTemplateCustomizer> customizers) {
 		Assert.notNull(customizers, "RestTemplateCustomizers must not be null");
-		return additionalCustomizers(true, customizers);
+		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.requestFactoryCustomizer, this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri,
+				this.messageConverters, this.interceptors, this.requestFactory, this.uriTemplateHandler,
+				this.errorHandler, this.basicAuthentication, this.defaultHeaders, append(this.customizers, customizers),
+				this.requestCustomizers);
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Add {@link RestTemplateCustomizer RestTemplateCustomizers} that should be applied
+	 * Set the {@link RestTemplateRequestCustomizer RestTemplateRequestCustomizers} that
-	 * to the {@link RestTemplate}. Customizers are applied in the order that they were
+	 * should be applied to the {@link ClientHttpRequest}. Customizers are applied in the
-	 * added after builder configuration has been applied.
+	 * order that they were added. Setting this value will replace any previously
-	 * @param append if true adds customizers to the end otherwise to the beginning
+	 * configured request customizers.
-	 * @param customizers the customizers to add
+	 * @param requestCustomizers the request customizers to set
 	 * @return a new builder instance
-	 * @see #customizers(RestTemplateCustomizer...)
+	 * @since 2.2.0
+	 * @see #additionalRequestCustomizers(RestTemplateRequestCustomizer...)
 	 */
-	public RestTemplateBuilder additionalCustomizers(boolean append,
+	public RestTemplateBuilder requestCustomizers(RestTemplateRequestCustomizer<?>... requestCustomizers) {
-			Collection<? extends RestTemplateCustomizer> customizers) {
+		Assert.notNull(requestCustomizers, "RequestCustomizers must not be null");
-		Assert.notNull(customizers, "RestTemplateCustomizers must not be null");
+		return requestCustomizers(Arrays.asList(requestCustomizers));
-		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri, this.messageConverters,
-				this.requestFactorySupplier, this.uriTemplateHandler, this.errorHandler,
-				append ? append(this.restTemplateCustomizers, customizers)
-						: append(customizers, this.restTemplateCustomizers),
-				this.requestFactoryCustomizer, this.interceptors, this.httpHeadersCustomizers);
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Sets the connection timeout on the underlying {@link ClientHttpRequestFactory}.
+	 * Set the {@link RestTemplateRequestCustomizer RestTemplateRequestCustomizers} that
-	 * @param connectTimeout the connection timeout
+	 * should be applied to the {@link ClientHttpRequest}. Customizers are applied in the
-	 * @return a new builder instance.
+	 * order that they were added. Setting this value will replace any previously
-	 * @since 2.1.0
+	 * configured request customizers.
+	 * @param requestCustomizers the request customizers to set
+	 * @return a new builder instance
+	 * @since 2.2.0
+	 * @see #additionalRequestCustomizers(RestTemplateRequestCustomizer...)
 	 */
-	public RestTemplateBuilder setConnectTimeout(Duration connectTimeout) {
+	public RestTemplateBuilder requestCustomizers(
-		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri, this.messageConverters,
+			Collection<? extends RestTemplateRequestCustomizer<?>> requestCustomizers) {
-				this.requestFactorySupplier, this.uriTemplateHandler, this.errorHandler, this.restTemplateCustomizers,
+		Assert.notNull(requestCustomizers, "RequestCustomizers must not be null");
-				this.requestFactoryCustomizer.connectTimeout(connectTimeout), this.interceptors,
+		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.requestFactoryCustomizer, this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri,
-				this.httpHeadersCustomizers);
+				this.messageConverters, this.interceptors, this.requestFactory, this.uriTemplateHandler,
+				this.errorHandler, this.basicAuthentication, this.defaultHeaders, this.customizers,
+				setOf(requestCustomizers));
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Sets the read timeout on the underlying {@link ClientHttpRequestFactory}.
+	 * Add the {@link RestTemplateRequestCustomizer RestTemplateRequestCustomizers} that
-	 * @param readTimeout the read timeout
+	 * should be applied to the {@link ClientHttpRequest}. Customizers are applied in the
-	 * @return a new builder instance.
+	 * order that they were added.
-	 * @since 2.1.0
+	 * @param requestCustomizers the request customizers to add
+	 * @return a new builder instance
+	 * @since 2.2.0
+	 * @see #requestCustomizers(RestTemplateRequestCustomizer...)
 	 */
-	public RestTemplateBuilder setReadTimeout(Duration readTimeout) {
+	public RestTemplateBuilder additionalRequestCustomizers(RestTemplateRequestCustomizer<?>... requestCustomizers) {
-		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri, this.messageConverters,
+		Assert.notNull(requestCustomizers, "RequestCustomizers must not be null");
-				this.requestFactorySupplier, this.uriTemplateHandler, this.errorHandler, this.restTemplateCustomizers,
+		return additionalRequestCustomizers(Arrays.asList(requestCustomizers));
-				this.requestFactoryCustomizer.readTimeout(readTimeout), this.interceptors, this.httpHeadersCustomizers);
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Sets if the underling {@link ClientHttpRequestFactory} should buffer the
+	 * Add the {@link RestTemplateRequestCustomizer RestTemplateRequestCustomizers} that
-	 * {@linkplain ClientHttpRequest#getBody() request body} internally.
+	 * should be applied to the {@link ClientHttpRequest}. Customizers are applied in the
-	 * @param bufferRequestBody value of the bufferRequestBody parameter
+	 * order that they were added.
-	 * @return a new builder instance.
+	 * @param requestCustomizers the request customizers to add
+	 * @return a new builder instance
 	 * @since 2.2.0
-	 * @see SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory#setBufferRequestBody(boolean)
+	 * @see #requestCustomizers(Collection)
-	 * @see HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory#setBufferRequestBody(boolean)
 	 */
-	public RestTemplateBuilder setBufferRequestBody(boolean bufferRequestBody) {
+	public RestTemplateBuilder additionalRequestCustomizers(
-		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri, this.messageConverters,
+			Collection<? extends RestTemplateRequestCustomizer<?>> requestCustomizers) {
-				this.requestFactorySupplier, this.uriTemplateHandler, this.errorHandler, this.restTemplateCustomizers,
+		Assert.notNull(requestCustomizers, "RequestCustomizers must not be null");
-				this.requestFactoryCustomizer.bufferRequestBody(bufferRequestBody), this.interceptors,
+		return new RestTemplateBuilder(this.requestFactoryCustomizer, this.detectRequestFactory, this.rootUri,
-				this.httpHeadersCustomizers);
+				this.messageConverters, this.interceptors, this.requestFactory, this.uriTemplateHandler,
+				this.errorHandler, this.basicAuthentication, this.defaultHeaders, this.customizers,
+				append(this.requestCustomizers, requestCustomizers));
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -694,9 +610,7 @@ public class RestTemplateBuilder {
 		if (requestFactory != null) {
 			restTemplate.setRequestFactory(requestFactory);
 		}
-		if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(this.httpHeadersCustomizers)) {
+		addClientHttpRequestFactoryWrapper(restTemplate);
-			configureHttpHeadersCustomizers(restTemplate);
-		}
 		if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(this.messageConverters)) {
 			restTemplate.setMessageConverters(new ArrayList<>(this.messageConverters));
 		}
@@ -710,8 +624,8 @@ public class RestTemplateBuilder {
 			RootUriTemplateHandler.addTo(restTemplate, this.rootUri);
 		}
 		restTemplate.getInterceptors().addAll(this.interceptors);
-		if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(this.restTemplateCustomizers)) {
+		if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(this.customizers)) {
-			for (RestTemplateCustomizer customizer : this.restTemplateCustomizers) {
+			for (RestTemplateCustomizer customizer : this.customizers) {
 				customizer.customize(restTemplate);
 			}
 		}
@@ -726,8 +640,8 @@ public class RestTemplateBuilder {
 	 */
 	public ClientHttpRequestFactory buildRequestFactory() {
 		ClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory = null;
-		if (this.requestFactorySupplier != null) {
+		if (this.requestFactory != null) {
-			requestFactory = this.requestFactorySupplier.get();
+			requestFactory = this.requestFactory.get();
 		}
 		else if (this.detectRequestFactory) {
 			requestFactory = new ClientHttpRequestFactorySupplier().get();
@@ -740,7 +654,10 @@ public class RestTemplateBuilder {
 		return requestFactory;
 	}
 
-	private void configureHttpHeadersCustomizers(RestTemplate restTemplate) {
+	private void addClientHttpRequestFactoryWrapper(RestTemplate restTemplate) {
+		if (this.basicAuthentication == null && this.defaultHeaders.isEmpty() && this.requestCustomizers.isEmpty()) {
+			return;
+		}
 		List<ClientHttpRequestInterceptor> interceptors = null;
 		if (!restTemplate.getInterceptors().isEmpty()) {
 			// Stash and clear the interceptors so we can access the real factory
@@ -748,14 +665,24 @@ public class RestTemplateBuilder {
 			restTemplate.getInterceptors().clear();
 		}
 		ClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory = restTemplate.getRequestFactory();
-		restTemplate.setRequestFactory(
+		ClientHttpRequestFactory wrapper = new RestTemplateBuilderClientHttpRequestFactoryWrapper(requestFactory,
-				new HttpHeadersCustomizingClientHttpRequestFactory(this.httpHeadersCustomizers, requestFactory));
+				this.basicAuthentication, this.defaultHeaders, this.requestCustomizers);
+		restTemplate.setRequestFactory(wrapper);
 		// Restore the original interceptors
 		if (interceptors != null) {
 			restTemplate.getInterceptors().addAll(interceptors);
 		}
 	}
 
+	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+	private <T> Set<T> setOf(T... items) {
+		return setOf(Arrays.asList(items));
+	}
+
+	private <T> Set<T> setOf(Collection<? extends T> collection) {
+		return Collections.unmodifiableSet(new LinkedHashSet<>(collection));
+	}
+
 	private static <T> Set<T> append(Collection<? extends T> collection, Collection<? extends T> additions) {
 		Set<T> result = new LinkedHashSet<>((collection != null) ? collection : Collections.emptySet());
 		if (additions != null) {
@@ -764,6 +691,15 @@ public class RestTemplateBuilder {
 		return Collections.unmodifiableSet(result);
 	}
 
+	private static <K, V> Map<K, V> append(Map<K, V> map, K key, V value) {
+		Map<K, V> result = new LinkedHashMap<>((map != null) ? map : Collections.emptyMap());
+		result.put(key, value);
+		return Collections.unmodifiableMap(result);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Internal customizer used to apply {@link ClientHttpRequestFactory} settings.
+	 */
 	private static class RequestFactoryCustomizer implements Consumer<ClientHttpRequestFactory> {
 
 		private final Duration connectTimeout;

spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/web/client/RestTemplateBuilderClientHttpRequestFactoryWrapper.java

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2012-2019 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.springframework.boot.web.client;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import org.springframework.boot.util.LambdaSafe;
+import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
+import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
+import org.springframework.http.client.AbstractClientHttpRequestFactoryWrapper;
+import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequest;
+import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestFactory;
+
+/**
+ * {@link ClientHttpRequestFactory} to apply customizations from the
+ * {@link RestTemplateBuilder}.
+ *
+ * @author Dmytro Nosan
+ * @author Ilya Lukyanovich
+ */
+class RestTemplateBuilderClientHttpRequestFactoryWrapper extends AbstractClientHttpRequestFactoryWrapper {
+
+	private final BasicAuthentication basicAuthentication;
+
+	private final Map<String, String> defaultHeaders;
+
+	private final Set<RestTemplateRequestCustomizer<?>> requestCustomizers;
+
+	RestTemplateBuilderClientHttpRequestFactoryWrapper(ClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory,
+			BasicAuthentication basicAuthentication, Map<String, String> defaultHeaders,
+			Set<RestTemplateRequestCustomizer<?>> requestCustomizers) {
+		super(requestFactory);
+		this.basicAuthentication = basicAuthentication;
+		this.defaultHeaders = defaultHeaders;
+		this.requestCustomizers = requestCustomizers;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+	protected ClientHttpRequest createRequest(URI uri, HttpMethod httpMethod, ClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory)
+			throws IOException {
+		ClientHttpRequest request = requestFactory.createRequest(uri, httpMethod);
+		HttpHeaders headers = request.getHeaders();
+		if (this.basicAuthentication != null) {
+			this.basicAuthentication.applyTo(headers);
+		}
+		this.defaultHeaders.forEach(headers::addIfAbsent);
+		LambdaSafe.callbacks(RestTemplateRequestCustomizer.class, this.requestCustomizers, request)
+				.invoke((customizer) -> customizer.customize(request));
+		return request;
+	}
+
+}

spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/web/client/RestTemplateRequestCustomizer.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2012-2019 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2012-2018 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -16,21 +16,26 @@
 
 package org.springframework.boot.web.client;
 
-import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
+import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequest;
+import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
 
 /**
- * Callback interface that can be used to customize a {@link HttpHeaders}.
+ * Callback interface that can be used to customize the {@link ClientHttpRequest} sent
+ * from a {@link RestTemplate}.
  *
+ * @param <T> the {@link ClientHttpRequest} type
  * @author Ilya Lukyanovich
- * @see HttpHeadersCustomizingClientHttpRequestFactory
+ * @author Phillip Webb
+ * @since 2.2.0
+ * @see RestTemplateBuilder
  */
 @FunctionalInterface
-public interface HttpHeadersCustomizer {
+public interface RestTemplateRequestCustomizer<T extends ClientHttpRequest> {
 
 	/**
-	 * Callback to customize a {@link HttpHeaders} instance.
+	 * Customize the specified {@link ClientHttpRequest}.
-	 * @param headers the headers to customize
+	 * @param request the request to customize
 	 */
-	void applyTo(HttpHeaders headers);
+	void customize(T request);
 
 }

spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/web/client/SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizer.java

@@ -1,96 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2012-2019 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.boot.web.client;
-
-import java.nio.charset.Charset;
-
-import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
-import org.springframework.lang.NonNull;
-import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
-import org.springframework.util.Assert;
-import org.springframework.util.LinkedMultiValueMap;
-
-/**
- * A {@link AbstractHttpHeadersDefaultingCustomizer} that uses provided
- * {@link HttpHeaders} instance as default headers.
- *
- * @author Ilya Lukyanovich
- * @see HttpHeadersCustomizingClientHttpRequestFactory
- */
-public class SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizer extends AbstractHttpHeadersDefaultingCustomizer {
-
-	private final HttpHeaders httpHeaders;
-
-	public SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizer(HttpHeaders httpHeaders) {
-		Assert.notNull(httpHeaders, "Header must not be null");
-		this.httpHeaders = httpHeaders;
-	}
-
-	@Override
-	protected HttpHeaders createHeaders() {
-		return new HttpHeaders(new LinkedMultiValueMap<>(this.httpHeaders));
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * A factory method that creates a {@link SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizer} with a
-	 * single header and a single value.
-	 * @param header the header
-	 * @param value the value
-	 * @return new {@link SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizer} instance
-	 * @see HttpHeaders#set(String, String)
-	 */
-	public static HttpHeadersCustomizer singleHeader(@NonNull String header, @NonNull String value) {
-		Assert.notNull(header, "Header must not be null empty");
-		Assert.notNull(value, "Value must not be null empty");
-		HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
-		headers.set(header, value);
-		return new SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizer(headers);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * A factory method that creates a {@link SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizer} for
-	 * {@link HttpHeaders#AUTHORIZATION} header with pre-defined username and password
-	 * pair.
-	 * @param username the username
-	 * @param password the password
-	 * @return new {@link SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizer} instance
-	 * @see #basicAuthentication(String, String, Charset)
-	 */
-	public static HttpHeadersCustomizer basicAuthentication(@NonNull String username, @NonNull String password) {
-		return basicAuthentication(username, password, null);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * A factory method that creates a {@link SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizer} for
-	 * {@link HttpHeaders#AUTHORIZATION} header with pre-defined username and password
-	 * pair.
-	 * @param username the username
-	 * @param password the password
-	 * @param charset the header encoding charset
-	 * @return new {@link SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizer} instance
-	 * @see HttpHeaders#setBasicAuth(String, String, Charset)
-	 */
-	public static HttpHeadersCustomizer basicAuthentication(@NonNull String username, @NonNull String password,
-			@Nullable Charset charset) {
-		Assert.notNull(username, "Username must not be null");
-		Assert.notNull(password, "Password must not be null");
-		HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
-		headers.setBasicAuth(username, password, charset);
-		return new SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizer(headers);
-	}
-
-}

spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/web/client/HttpHeadersCustomizingClientHttpRequestFactoryTests.java

@@ -1,94 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2012-2019 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.boot.web.client;
-
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.net.URI;
-import java.util.Arrays;
-import java.util.Collections;
-
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
-
-import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
-import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
-import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequest;
-import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestFactory;
-
-import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
-import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
-import static org.mockito.BDDMockito.given;
-import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
-
-/**
- * Tests for {@link HttpHeadersCustomizingClientHttpRequestFactory}.
- *
- * @author Dmytro Nosan
- * @author Ilya Lukyanovich
- */
-public class HttpHeadersCustomizingClientHttpRequestFactoryTests {
-
-	private final HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
-
-	private ClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory;
-
-	@BeforeEach
-	public void setUp() throws IOException {
-		this.requestFactory = mock(ClientHttpRequestFactory.class);
-		ClientHttpRequest request = mock(ClientHttpRequest.class);
-		given(this.requestFactory.createRequest(any(), any())).willReturn(request);
-		given(request.getHeaders()).willReturn(this.headers);
-	}
-
-	@Test
-	void shouldAddAuthorizationHeader() throws IOException {
-		this.requestFactory = new HttpHeadersCustomizingClientHttpRequestFactory(
-				Collections.singleton(SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizer.basicAuthentication("spring", "boot", null)),
-				this.requestFactory);
-		ClientHttpRequest request = createRequest();
-		assertThat(request.getHeaders().get(HttpHeaders.AUTHORIZATION)).containsExactly("Basic c3ByaW5nOmJvb3Q=");
-	}
-
-	@Test
-	void shouldNotAddAuthorizationHeaderAuthorizationAlreadySet() throws IOException {
-		this.headers.setBasicAuth("boot", "spring");
-		this.requestFactory = new HttpHeadersCustomizingClientHttpRequestFactory(
-				Collections.singleton(SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizer.basicAuthentication("spring", "boot", null)),
-				this.requestFactory);
-		ClientHttpRequest request = createRequest();
-		assertThat(request.getHeaders().get(HttpHeaders.AUTHORIZATION)).doesNotContain("Basic c3ByaW5nOmJvb3Q=");
-
-	}
-
-	@Test
-	void shouldApplyCustomizersInTheProvidedOrder() throws IOException {
-		this.requestFactory = new HttpHeadersCustomizingClientHttpRequestFactory(
-				Arrays.asList((headers) -> headers.add("foo", "bar"),
-						SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizer.basicAuthentication("spring", "boot", null),
-						SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizer.singleHeader(HttpHeaders.AUTHORIZATION, "won't do")),
-				this.requestFactory);
-		ClientHttpRequest request = createRequest();
-		assertThat(request.getHeaders()).containsOnlyKeys("foo", HttpHeaders.AUTHORIZATION);
-		assertThat(request.getHeaders().get("foo")).containsExactly("bar");
-		assertThat(request.getHeaders().get(HttpHeaders.AUTHORIZATION)).containsExactly("Basic c3ByaW5nOmJvb3Q=");
-	}
-
-	private ClientHttpRequest createRequest() throws IOException {
-		return this.requestFactory.createRequest(URI.create("https://localhost:8080"), HttpMethod.POST);
-	}
-
-}

spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/web/client/RestTemplateBuilderClientHttpRequestFactoryWrapperTests.java

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2012-2019 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.springframework.boot.web.client;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.mockito.InOrder;
+
+import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
+import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
+import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequest;
+import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestFactory;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.BDDMockito.given;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.inOrder;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
+
+/**
+ * Tests for {@link RestTemplateBuilderClientHttpRequestFactoryWrapper}.
+ *
+ * @author Dmytro Nosan
+ * @author Ilya Lukyanovich
+ * @author Phillip Webb
+ */
+public class RestTemplateBuilderClientHttpRequestFactoryWrapperTests {
+
+	private ClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory;
+
+	private final HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
+
+	@BeforeEach
+	public void setUp() throws IOException {
+		this.requestFactory = mock(ClientHttpRequestFactory.class);
+		ClientHttpRequest request = mock(ClientHttpRequest.class);
+		given(this.requestFactory.createRequest(any(), any())).willReturn(request);
+		given(request.getHeaders()).willReturn(this.headers);
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void createRequestWhenHasBasicAuthAndNoAuthHeaderAddsHeader() throws IOException {
+		this.requestFactory = new RestTemplateBuilderClientHttpRequestFactoryWrapper(this.requestFactory,
+				new BasicAuthentication("spring", "boot", null), Collections.emptyMap(), Collections.emptySet());
+		ClientHttpRequest request = createRequest();
+		assertThat(request.getHeaders().get(HttpHeaders.AUTHORIZATION)).containsExactly("Basic c3ByaW5nOmJvb3Q=");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void createRequestWhenHasBasicAuthAndExistingAuthHeaderDoesNotAddHeader() throws IOException {
+		this.headers.setBasicAuth("boot", "spring");
+		this.requestFactory = new RestTemplateBuilderClientHttpRequestFactoryWrapper(this.requestFactory,
+				new BasicAuthentication("spring", "boot", null), Collections.emptyMap(), Collections.emptySet());
+		ClientHttpRequest request = createRequest();
+		assertThat(request.getHeaders().get(HttpHeaders.AUTHORIZATION)).doesNotContain("Basic c3ByaW5nOmJvb3Q=");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void createRequestWhenHasDefaultHeadersAddsMissing() throws IOException {
+		this.headers.add("one", "existing");
+		Map<String, String> defaultHeaders = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+		defaultHeaders.put("one", "1");
+		defaultHeaders.put("two", "2");
+		defaultHeaders.put("three", "3");
+		this.requestFactory = new RestTemplateBuilderClientHttpRequestFactoryWrapper(this.requestFactory, null,
+				defaultHeaders, Collections.emptySet());
+		ClientHttpRequest request = createRequest();
+		assertThat(request.getHeaders().get("one")).containsExactly("existing");
+		assertThat(request.getHeaders().get("two")).containsExactly("2");
+		assertThat(request.getHeaders().get("three")).containsExactly("3");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+	void createRequestWhenHasRequestCustomizersAppliesThemInOrder() throws IOException {
+		Set<RestTemplateRequestCustomizer<?>> customizers = new LinkedHashSet<>();
+		customizers.add(mock(RestTemplateRequestCustomizer.class));
+		customizers.add(mock(RestTemplateRequestCustomizer.class));
+		customizers.add(mock(RestTemplateRequestCustomizer.class));
+		this.requestFactory = new RestTemplateBuilderClientHttpRequestFactoryWrapper(this.requestFactory, null,
+				Collections.emptyMap(), customizers);
+		ClientHttpRequest request = createRequest();
+		InOrder inOrder = inOrder(customizers.toArray());
+		for (RestTemplateRequestCustomizer<?> customizer : customizers) {
+			inOrder.verify((RestTemplateRequestCustomizer<ClientHttpRequest>) customizer).customize(request);
+		}
+	}
+
+	private ClientHttpRequest createRequest() throws IOException {
+		return this.requestFactory.createRequest(URI.create("https://localhost:8080"), HttpMethod.POST);
+	}
+
+}

spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/web/client/RestTemplateBuilderTests.java

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package org.springframework.boot.web.client;
 
+import java.io.IOException;
 import java.net.URI;
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.time.Duration;
@@ -52,6 +53,7 @@ import org.springframework.web.util.UriTemplateHandler;
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThatIllegalArgumentException;
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThatIllegalStateException;
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.entry;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.inOrder;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
@@ -69,6 +71,7 @@ import static org.springframework.test.web.client.response.MockRestResponseCreat
  * @author Andy Wilkinson
  * @author Dmytro Nosan
  * @author Kevin Strijbos
+ * @author Ilya Lukyanovich
  */
 class RestTemplateBuilderTests {
 
@@ -310,17 +313,45 @@ class RestTemplateBuilderTests {
 		assertThat(request.getHeaders().get(HttpHeaders.AUTHORIZATION)).containsExactly("Basic c3ByaW5nOmJvb3Q=");
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	void defaultHeaderAddsHeader() throws IOException {
+		RestTemplate template = this.builder.defaultHeader("spring", "boot").build();
+		ClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory = template.getRequestFactory();
+		ClientHttpRequest request = requestFactory.createRequest(URI.create("http://localhost"), HttpMethod.GET);
+		assertThat(request.getHeaders()).contains(entry("spring", Collections.singletonList("boot")));
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void requestCustomizersAddsCustomizers() throws IOException {
+		RestTemplate template = this.builder
+				.requestCustomizers((request) -> request.getHeaders().add("spring", "framework")).build();
+		ClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory = template.getRequestFactory();
+		ClientHttpRequest request = requestFactory.createRequest(URI.create("http://localhost"), HttpMethod.GET);
+		assertThat(request.getHeaders()).contains(entry("spring", Collections.singletonList("framework")));
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void additionalRequestCustomizersAddsCustomizers() throws IOException {
+		RestTemplate template = this.builder
+				.requestCustomizers((request) -> request.getHeaders().add("spring", "framework"))
+				.additionalRequestCustomizers((request) -> request.getHeaders().add("for", "java")).build();
+		ClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory = template.getRequestFactory();
+		ClientHttpRequest request = requestFactory.createRequest(URI.create("http://localhost"), HttpMethod.GET);
+		assertThat(request.getHeaders()).contains(entry("spring", Collections.singletonList("framework")))
+				.contains(entry("for", Collections.singletonList("java")));
+	}
+
 	@Test
 	void customizersWhenCustomizersAreNullShouldThrowException() {
 		assertThatIllegalArgumentException().isThrownBy(() -> this.builder.customizers((RestTemplateCustomizer[]) null))
-				.withMessageContaining("RestTemplateCustomizers must not be null");
+				.withMessageContaining("Customizers must not be null");
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void customizersCollectionWhenCustomizersAreNullShouldThrowException() {
 		assertThatIllegalArgumentException()
 				.isThrownBy(() -> this.builder.customizers((Set<RestTemplateCustomizer>) null))
-				.withMessageContaining("RestTemplateCustomizers must not be null");
+				.withMessageContaining("Customizers must not be null");
 	}
 
 	@Test
@@ -352,7 +383,7 @@ class RestTemplateBuilderTests {
 	void additionalCustomizersWhenCustomizersAreNullShouldThrowException() {
 		assertThatIllegalArgumentException()
 				.isThrownBy(() -> this.builder.additionalCustomizers((RestTemplateCustomizer[]) null))
-				.withMessageContaining("RestTemplateCustomizers must not be null");
+				.withMessageContaining("Customizers must not be null");
 	}
 
 	@Test
@@ -387,7 +418,8 @@ class RestTemplateBuilderTests {
 					assertThat(actualRequestFactory).isInstanceOf(InterceptingClientHttpRequestFactory.class);
 					ClientHttpRequestFactory authRequestFactory = (ClientHttpRequestFactory) ReflectionTestUtils
 							.getField(actualRequestFactory, "requestFactory");
-					assertThat(authRequestFactory).isInstanceOf(HttpHeadersCustomizingClientHttpRequestFactory.class);
+					assertThat(authRequestFactory)
+							.isInstanceOf(RestTemplateBuilderClientHttpRequestFactoryWrapper.class);
 					assertThat(authRequestFactory).hasFieldOrPropertyWithValue("requestFactory", requestFactory);
 				}).build();
 	}

spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/web/client/SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizerTest.java

@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2012-2019 the original author or authors.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package org.springframework.boot.web.client;
-
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
-
-import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
-
-import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
-
-/**
- * Tests for {@link SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizer}.
- *
- * @author Ilya Lukyanovich
- */
-class SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizerTest {
-
-	@Test
-	void testApplyTo_shouldAddAllHeaders() {
-		HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();
-		httpHeaders.add("foo", "bar");
-		httpHeaders.add("donut", "42");
-		SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizer customizer = new SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizer(httpHeaders);
-		HttpHeaders provided = new HttpHeaders();
-		customizer.applyTo(provided);
-		assertThat(provided).containsOnlyKeys("foo", "donut");
-		assertThat(provided.get("foo")).containsExactly("bar");
-		assertThat(provided.get("donut")).containsExactly("42");
-	}
-
-	@Test
-	void testApplyTo_shouldIgnoreProvided() {
-		HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();
-		httpHeaders.add("foo", "bar");
-		httpHeaders.add("donut", "42");
-		SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizer customizer = new SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizer(httpHeaders);
-		HttpHeaders provided = new HttpHeaders();
-		provided.add("donut", "touchme");
-		customizer.applyTo(provided);
-		assertThat(provided).containsOnlyKeys("foo", "donut");
-		assertThat(provided.get("foo")).containsExactly("bar");
-		assertThat(provided.get("donut")).containsExactly("touchme");
-	}
-
-	@Test
-	void testSingleHeader() {
-		HttpHeaders provided = new HttpHeaders();
-		SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizer.singleHeader("foo", "bar").applyTo(provided);
-		assertThat(provided).containsOnlyKeys("foo");
-		assertThat(provided.get("foo")).containsExactly("bar");
-	}
-
-	@Test
-	void testBasicAuthentication() {
-		HttpHeaders provided = new HttpHeaders();
-		SimpleHttpHeaderDefaultingCustomizer.basicAuthentication("spring", "boot").applyTo(provided);
-		assertThat(provided).containsOnlyKeys(HttpHeaders.AUTHORIZATION);
-		assertThat(provided.get(HttpHeaders.AUTHORIZATION)).containsExactly("bar");
-	}
-
-}